One of the most important things I can do as a coach and instructor is to help my students understand why they hit the ball well—and what they are doing when they are not hitting it well. I always feel that their poor shots give the teacher and student the greatest opportunity to learn. Often, it’s the student’s concept that is off. This is a great visual that I use to help the student understand both path and face: It’s the Inner and Outer Circle drill.
There are two semicircles we deal with in the golf swing: The inner that the hands are on, and the outer that the club is on. In the accompanying photos, I’ve drawn “inner” and “outer” lines on the turf with red paint to illustrate how they work together.
In the photo above I show how my hands match the inner circle and the club matches the outer circle at address.
In the backswing, the hands stay on the inner circle and the club head stays on the outer. Often, players’ faults are caused from this relationship getting off, right from the start.
The key move is on the downswing. The hands need to come back down and inward and get on the inner circle, while the club head needs to come out slightly and stay on the outer circle.
Where instruction tends to stop is at impact, which I’m re-creating in the photo above.
The forward part of the swing and arc is not explained enough to students. They need to understand that the hands and club don’t break away towards the target—they stay on those circles.
As I demonstrate in this photo, the hands move inward toward the front hip/heel and the club head moves quickly left of the target line. By maintaining this relationship, the club face stays square to the path, which minimizes excessive opening and closing. This also creates a much lower rate of closer resulting in straighter shots and less need to time up the face.
Players can hit half shots with these circles on the ground as well.
Faults and Fixes
- In the downswing, if a player has both the hands and the club on the inner circle, their impact will tend to be shallow and path to the right, re-sulting in hooks, pushes, fats and thins.
- A player whose hands and club both go out on the outer circle in the downswing will be too much above the plane, resulting in pulls, slices, chunks, and tops.
This concept gives my students a clear understanding on how to correctly deliver the club to the ball. Again, explaining to them why they are not hitting it well is one of the many keys to great instruction—and learning.
Krista Dunton is Director of Instruction at Berkeley Hall Resort in South Carolina, LPGA Top 50 Teacher and 2006 Carolinas PGA Teacher of the Year.
Starting with small, easy swings, shift your weight on the line of your feet. On your backswing (Figure b), shift your weight to your right foot, and on the beginning of your downswing (Figure c) feel your weight shift toward your left toe. This weight shift will help keep the club on the inside as it approaches the ball.
Don’t be afraid to exaggerate the feeling of the club coming from the inside and your weight shifting from your back foot to your front foot on the line of your feet.
Ben Hogan once said the weight shift in the golf swing goes from the right heel on the backswing to the left toe on the start of the downswing, and then to the left heel at the finish (Figure d).
Photo 5 shows a square path and face. When this happens, there is no tilting of the spin axis (fancy way of saying no curvature produced), as long as the strike was from the middle. There is a tiny bit of gear effect created from the closing of the face, but don’t worry about that.In Photo 6, the clubface is open (more right of) the path. If struck from the sweet spot, this would produce a shot which starts close to the yellow line and curves further right.
Trust me.
